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Aquaphobe® CM chlorinated polydimethylsiloxane PP1-AQCM

Applications:

  • laboratory glassware – improves drainage, reduce breakage
  • optical fibers – reduces moisture adsorption and surface fracture
  • clinical analysis – reduces protein and lipid adsorption (Not for food or drug use)
  • glass plate and glazing – provides high water contact angle, facilitate forced air blow-off

Description: Aquaphobe® CM is a chlorine terminated polydimethylsiloxane oligomer. The chlorines react with hydroxy and silanol groups of glass, siliceous surfaces and other metal oxide surfaces to form a chemically bound polydimethylsiloxane “siliconized” surface. Provides water-repellent silicone, molecular films with high durability for glass and vitreous surfaces. Acidic byproducts remove surface alkali from soda-lime glass substrates.

Properties of Treated Surfaces (values reported are for glass slides dipped in 1% solutions of Aquaphobe® CM and cured at 100 °C.):

  • Critical surface tension: untreated γc = 78 dynes/cm, treated (hydrophobic) γc = 25 dynes/cm

Solution Properties of Aquaphobe® CM:

  • % active: 100%
  • flashpoint: 15 °C
  • specific gravity: 0.99-1.01
  • viscosity: 3-6 cSt

Cautions: Aquaphobe® is a mixture of corrosive chlorinated polysiloxanes. Avoid skin and eye contact. Use in a well ventilated area. Wear gloves and safety glasses.

Application Methods:

1. Aquaphobe® coatings are most frequently applied as a 2-10% solution in dry solvents such as hexane, methylene chloride or toluene. Articles are dipped or wiped. Articles can be cured by air drying for 24 hours at conditions of < 75% relative humidity. Heat curing at 110 °C for 15-20 minutes in an exhausted oven provides the most effective surface treatment.

2. A master batch of Aquaphobe® in isopropanol or ethanol is desirable when large areas are to be treated and the acidic byproducts are difficult to handle. A 0.5-2.0% solution in isopropanol is prepared in a well-ventilated area. Hydrogen chloride fumes issue during this stage. Acidic character is reduced for subsequent surface treatment.

Over-treatment results in a cloudy surface. The concentration should be reduced to eliminate this effect.

Aquaphobe® CF chlorinated fluoroalkylmethylsiloxane PP1-AQCF

Applications:

  • microcontact printing – provides durable release films for photocureable resins
  • optical fibers – reduces moisture adsorption and surface fracture
  • clinical analysis – reduces protein and lipid adsorption (Not for food or drug use)
  • glass plate and glazing – provides high water contact angle, facilitate forced air blow-off

Description: Aquaphobe® CF is a chlorine terminated polyfluoroalkyl-methylsiloxane oligomer. The chlorines react with hydroxy and silanol groups of glass, siliceous surfaces and other metal oxide surfaces to form a chemically bound, low surface energy, fluorinated silicone surface. Provides water-repellent silicone, fluorinated silicone molecular films with high durability for glass and vitreous surfaces. Acidic byproducts remove surface alkali from soda-lime glass substrates.

Properties of Treated Surfaces: (values reported are for glass slides dipped in 1% solutions of Aquaphobe® CF and cured at 100 °C.)

  • critical surface tension: untreated γc = 78 dynes/cm, treated (hydrophobic) γc = 16-19 dynes/cm

Solution Properties of Aquaphobe® CF:

  • % active: 100%
  • flashpoint: 65 °C
  • specific gravity: 1.40-1.43
  • refractive index: 1.358
  • viscosity: 6-10 cSt

Reference: J. Taniguchi et al, Jpn. Soc. Appl. Phys., 41, 4194, Part 1, No. 6B, 2002

Cautions: Aquaphobe® is a mixture of corrosive chlorinated polysiloxanes. Avoid skin and eye contact. Use in a well ventilated area. Wear gloves and safety glasses.

Application Methods:

1. Aquaphobe® coatings are most frequently applied as a 2-10% solution in dry solvents such as hexane, methylene chloride or toluene. Articles are dipped or wiped. Articles can be cured by air drying for 24 hours at conditions of < 75% relative humidity. Heat curing at 110 °C for 15-20 minutes in an exhausted oven provides the most effective surface treatment.

2. A master batch of Aquaphobe® in isopropanol or ethanol is desirable when large areas are to be treated and the acidic byproducts are difficult to handle. A 0.5-2.0% solution in isopropanol is prepared in a well-ventilated area. Hydrogen chloride fumes issue during this stage. Acidic character is reduced for subsequent surface treatment.

Over-treatment results in a cloudy surface. The concentration should be reduced to eliminate this effect.

Glassclad® 18 Hydrophobic Coating PP1-GC18

Applications:

  • laboratory glassware – improves drainage, reduces breakage
  • optical fibers – provides lubricity and reduces breakage during fabrication and operational flexing
  • clinical analysis – decreases protein adsorption of analytical and diagnostic equipment, decreases hemolysis and increases clotting time of blood (not for food or drug use)
  • fluorescent light bulbs – increases scratch resistance, reducing breakage, increases surface resistivity
  • porcelain ware – provides a glide surface and reduces adhesion to other porcelain ware

Description: Glassclad® 18 is a monomeric octadecylsilane derivative in a mixture of t-butanol and diacetone alcohol that reacts with water to form a silanol-rich prepolymer. The silanol-rich prepolymer condenses with available hydroxyl groups of siliceous substrates to form a chemically bound alkylsilicone. Provides water-repellency, lubricity, surface resistivity to glass and vitreous surfaces.

Properties of Treated Surfaces (values reported are for glass slides dipped in 1% solutions of Glassclad® 18 and cured 5 minutes at 100 °C):

  • Critical Surface Tension: untreated γc = 78 dynes/cm, treated (hydrophobic) γc = 31 dynes/cm
  • Surface Resistivity: untreated 1 x 1012 ohms, treated 1.2 x 1013 ohms
  • Coefficient of Friction, Static (glass slide on glass slide): untreated 0.9-1.0, treated 0.2-0.3
  • Blood Protein Adsorption (comparative 100 hour adsorption value for whole human blood on borosilicate glass surfaces): untreated 0.13 mg/mm2, treated 0.01-0.02 mg/mm2

Solution Properties of Glassclad® 18:

  • solids: 20%
  • color, gardner scale: 8
  • specific gravity: 0.88
  • flashpoint: 10 °C
  • viscosity: 8-20 cSt

Reference: B. Arkles et al in “Silanes, Surfaces, Interfaces” D. Leyden ed, Gorden & Breach, 1986, p91.

Shelf Life of Glassclad® 18: The shelf life of Glassclad® 18 is six months in sealed containers. The product is normally hazy. A small amount of precipitate does not affect
the performance of the solution.

Application Methods:

Glassclad® 18 is most frequently used as a dilute aqueous dispersion containing 0.1-1.0% of reactive silane. A 0.2% solution of active chemical can be easily prepared by adding one part by weight of the product as supplied to 99 parts of water while stirring. The following treatment method is frequently employed.

1. Thoroughly clean objects with an alkaline detergent. Used or old glass surfaces may require immersion in 2-3% sodium hydroxide. All detergent and alkali should be removed with a final rinse.

2. Prepare a 1% solution of Glassclad® 18 in water. Ordinary tap water is acceptable. “Hard water” or “fluoridated water,” is not acceptable.

3. Immerse the glass or vitreous surface in the solution for 5-10 seconds, ensuring that all surfaces are wetted by the solution. Agitation of the solution or the object generally results in more uniform deposition. After immersion, remove the part and gently but thoroughly rinse with water to remove excess Glassclad® 18 from the surface.

4. Cure Glassclad® 18 by bringing surface temperature to 100 °C for 3-5 minutes. Room temperature cure may be accomplished by air drying for 24 hours if relative humidity is 65% or less. Each liter of solution will coat approximately 80 one liter beakers, 600 15 cm test tubes, or approximately 250 m2 of surface.

Stability of Glassclad® 18 Solutions: Aqueous solutions are not stable and will turn cloudy and precipitate after standing for several days. The solution stability can be optimized by adjusting pH to 4.5-5.

Siliclad® Hydrophobic Coating SIS6952.0

Applications:

  • semiconductor substrates – provides hydrophobic anti-stiction coatings for silicon
  • laboratory glassware – improves drainage, reduces breakage
  • optical fibers – provides lubricity and reduces breakage during fabrication and operational flexing
  • clinical analysis – decreases protein adsorption of analytical and diagnostic equipment decreases hemolysis and increases clotting time of blood. Siliclad® is not for food or drug use
  • porcelain ware – provides a glide surface and reduces adhesion to other porcelain ware

Description: Siliclad® is a monomeric octadecylsilane derivative in a mixture of tertiary alcohols and diacetone alcohol that reacts with water to form a silanol-rich prepolymer. The silanol-rich prepolymer condenses with available hydroxyl groups of siliceous substrates to form a chemically bound alkylsilicone. Provides water-repellency, lubricity, surface resistivity to glass and vitreous surfaces.

Properties of Treated Surfaces (values reported are for glass slides dipped in 1% solutions of Siliclad® and cured 5 minutes at 100 °C):

  • Critical Surface Tension: untreated γc = 78 dynes/cm,treated (hydrophobic) γc = 31 dynes/cm
  • Surface Resistivity: untreated 1 x 1012 ohms, treated 1.2 x 1013 ohms
  • Coefficient of Friction, Static (glass slide on glass slide): untreated 0.9-1.0, treated 0.2-0.3
  • Blood Protein Adsorption (comparative 100 hour adsorption value for whole human blood on borosilicate glass surfaces): untreated 0.13 mg/mm2, treated 0.01-0.02 mg/mm2

Solution Properties of Siliclad®:

  • solids: 20%
  • color, gardner scale: 7
  • specific gravity: 0.88
  • flashpoint: 27 °C
  • viscosity: 8-20 cSt

Reference: A. Almanza-Workman et al, J. Electrochem. Soc., 149, H6, 2002.

Shelf Life of Siliclad®: The shelf life of Siliclad® is six months in sealed containers. The product is normally hazy. A small amount of precipitate does not affect the performance of the solution.

Application Methods:

Siliclad® is most frequently used as a dilute aqueous dispersion containing 0.1-1.0% of reactive silane. A 0.2% solution of active chemical can be easily prepared by adding one part by weight of the product as supplied to 99 parts of water while stirring. The following treatment method is frequently employed.

1. Thoroughly clean objects with an alkaline detergent. Used or old glass surfaces may require immersion in 2-3% sodium hydroxide. All detergent and alkali should be removed with a final rinse.

2. Prepare a 1% solution of Siliclad® in water. Ordinary tap water is acceptable. “Hard water” or “fluoridated water,” is not acceptable.

3. Immerse the glass or vitreous surface in the solution for 5-10 seconds, ensuring that all surfaces are wetted by the solution. Agitation of the solution or the object
generally results in more uniform deposition. After immersion, remove the part and gently but thoroughly rinse with water to remove excess Siliclad® from the surface.

4. Cure Siliclad® by bringing surface temperature to 100 °C for 3-5 minutes. Room temperature cure may be accomplished by air drying for 24 hours if relative humidity is 65% or less. Each liter of solution will coat approximately 80 one liter beakers, 600 15 cm test tubes, or approximately 250 m2 of surface.

Stability of Siliclad® Solutions: Aqueous solutions are not stable and will turn cloudy and precipitate after standing for several days. The solution stability can be optimized by adjusting pH to 4.5-5.

Gelest Aquaphile™ AQ Polyamine functional silane that provides low-contact angle surfaces PP1-AQAQ

Applications:

  • optical lenses provides an anti-fog coating
  • clinical analysis – provides non-specific (albumin-like) binding of proteins and DNA (not for food or drug use.)

Description: Aquaphile™ AQ is a partially quaternized polyamine functional silane in isopropanol. Air-dried films bond tenaciously to glass and ceramic substrates by reacting with hydroxy and silanol groups. Provide water-wettable silicone molecular films with high durability for glass and vitreous surfaces.

Solution Properties of Aquaphile™ AQ:

  • % active: 25%
  • flashpoint: 12 °C
  • specific gravity: 0.84-0.86

Cautions: Aquaphile™ AQ is dispersed in isopropanol, a flammable solvent. Avoid skin and eye contact. Use in a well ventilated area wearing gloves and safety glasses.

Application Methods:

Aquaphile™ AQ coatings are most frequently applied directly or as a 10-20% mixture with dry alcohol . Articles are dipped or wiped. Articles can be cured by air drying for 4 hours at conditions of < 75% relative humidity. Heat curing at 90-100 °C for 10-15 minutes in an exhausted oven provides the most effective surface treatment.

Over-treatment results in a cloudy surface. The concentration should be reduced to eliminate this effect